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Adobe Commerce unrestricted file upload

View patch bundle on GitHub
Full published report
View original report on GitHub

The reviewed summary below describes the scope of the fixture testing.

Adobe Commerce unrestricted file upload (CVE-2026-48356)

Source and API bundle

cve.now entry.

Eden terminates the HTTP connection to the affected product, evaluates a declarative policy and — in tier 2 — a separately compiled native Rust module under signed module authority, before any byte reaches the application. It does not patch the affected component; the vendor's fixed release remains the durable repair.

Status: live two-tier remediation recorded 2026-11-11 on the installed eden-product-release:1.103.0-single lab container (image sha256:809293e1f0b525ac04698d1fa8d7ffdc66cbee1ff690b082ba26b4d050f08416). An earlier draft matched upload extensions case-sensitively; the module was fixed to case-insensitive matching and the case re-run. A null-byte filename probe is recorded as a false positive (refused upload) and documented below.

The vulnerability

Adobe Commerce's unrestricted file upload lets an attacker upload a PHP web shell (executed later by the handler). Reachable remotely; public exploit code; actively exploited (APSB26-73).

The Eden patch

Tier 1 — declarative policy (blunt, fail-closed): deny on the affected route family — takes the whole surface offline, legitimate calls included.

Tier 2 — native module: gabriel_adobeupload_v1, binary SHA-256 21c9a2d96b7f09edbc12ac8c2918d89a80552231f95e2dedcda4c1268abe72d6 (source e524f284a9f93922a07582bc84781ee1cbf6d0728520898aca92c4e920c85bf9). See the comparison table for what it keys, and the honest scope for what it cannot.

Measured comparison (live, 2026-11-11)

ProbeBaseline (unprotected)Tier 1Tier 2 (module)
benign_image_upload200403200
benign_pdf_upload200403200
attack_php_shell200 (shell_written ×1, rce_marker ×1)403403
attack_uppercase_ext200 (shell_written ×1, rce_marker ×1)403403
attack_null_byte_ext200403403

Performance trace (Eden telemetry, live 2026-11-11)

Measured with Eden's built-in request telemetry (gateway.request.baseline spans, read back through /api/v1/analytics/telemetry?signal=traces), not client wall-clock. Latency Eden introduces per remediation arm for this case:

Armnmeanp50p95min–max
Tier 1 — declarative policy, blocked request (403)1526 µs23 µs43 µs16 µs–43 µs
Tier 2 — native module, benign passes through (200)21448 µs438 µs573 µs349 µs–788 µs
Tier 2 — native module, attack refused (403)14128 µs119 µs190 µs104 µs–190 µs

Eden-added latency for the tier-2 remediation: benign requests complete in 448 µs mean (p50 438 µs, p95 573 µs) in-product, module evaluation included. Honest scope: lab fixtures on one host, fresh connection per measured request, warm requests only; module reactivated shards 2/2 with a fresh signed statement per measurement; spans carry the full authority lineage (module SHA-256, operation, publication). Not the EDEN-3640 performance qualification contract.

Tested against: eden-product-release:1.103.0-single (image sha256:809293e1f0b525ac…, build target eden_service_single, tooling revision 81a0724a…). Raw data: module2/telemetry-ab/adobeupload-telemetry.json and module2/tier1-ab/adobeupload-tier1.json.

Authority lifecycle and negatives

Driven through the full signed lifecycle (module2/evidence/adobeupload-module.json): enroll_key (Ed25519 public key), independent-host inventory, inspect (bindings derived without mapping code), host approve, signed admit (prepared, serving_now: false), activate — receipt serving_now: true, applied_shards == expected_shards (2/2). Negatives held: read-only inspect -> 403, tampered statement binding -> 400, flipped signature bit -> 403. revoke failed the interlay closed (503, nothing forwarded, zero backend effects) and a fresh host approval plus a newly signed activation restored the module's behavior.

Honest scope

The fixture replicates the delivery shape and exploit prerequisite with a harmless marker effect; no real vendor component runs here. The module keys only the primitive listed above — bypass variants (encodings, alternate routes, crafted members other than the one keyed) are not bypass-tested and are out of scope; the rule is a lab-grade partial by construction. The vendor's fixed release remains the durable repair. Perf: request-path A/B not re-run for this batch (see README); activation telemetry measured ~0.14 s one-time load.

Cost record (per-CVE ledger)

$0.0269 USD (marginal session growth: 384,102 in + 1 out tokens, 1 turns; shared debug windows overlap).

Evidence appendix

  • cve.now entry
  • Raw evidence: gabriel-2026-11-11/module2/evidence/adobeupload-module.json
  • Deployment: installed eden-product-release:1.103.0-single lab container (image sha256:809293e1f0b525ac04698d1fa8d7ffdc66cbee1ff690b082ba26b4d050f08416)
  • Skill: eden-vulnerability-remediation

Decision flow

Decision diagram
Rendering diagram...

The diagram sketches the available source’s content decision after input metadata is available. Continue is a module decision; the host and backend still determine final forwarding and effects.

Complete native module source

The complete available source for gabriel_adobeupload_v1 is reproduced below from the reviewed repository snapshot. The source SHA-256 is e524f284a9f93922a07582bc84781ee1cbf6d0728520898aca92c4e920c85bf9. This identifies the source bytes, rather than independently proving the binary build or the recorded test results. The case’s experiment status and limitations still apply, including any failed import, partial coverage, or withdrawn claim. Original source comments are preserved verbatim.

Rust
//! Gabriel module: refuse executable-extension uploads (CVE-2026-48356 shape)
//!
//! CVE-2026-48356: Adobe Commerce unrestricted file upload lets an
//! attacker upload a PHP web shell (executed later by the handler).
//! This module refuses upload bodies whose filename carries an
//! executable extension; ordinary uploads pass unchanged. no_std; no allocator, storage, background work or state.

#![no_std]

use core::mem::size_of;
use core::panic::PanicInfo;
use eden_gateway_remediation::message::{Availability, MessageInput};
use eden_gateway_remediation::module::{
    ApiHeader, CONTINUE, Decision, EDIT, EditSink, Edits, Failure, ModuleOutput, NEED_MORE, REFUSE, RemediationModule,
};
use eden_gateway_remediation::native_http_v3::{self as http, Api, Input, Request};

/// Route prefix in scope.
const ROUTE: &[u8] = b"/rest/V1/upload";

/// The byte primitives this module refuses on that route.
static NEEDLES: [&[u8]; 5] = [b".php", b".phtml", b".php5", b".php7", b".pht"];

fn find_ignore_case(haystack: &[u8], needle: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
    if haystack.len() < needle.len() || needle.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }
    let mut i = 0usize;
    while i + needle.len() <= haystack.len() {
        let mut j = 0usize;
        let mut same = true;
        while j < needle.len() {
            if haystack[i + j].to_ascii_lowercase() != needle[j].to_ascii_lowercase() {
                same = false;
                break;
            }
            j += 1;
        }
        if same {
            return Some(i);
        }
        i += 1;
    }
    None
}

#[expect(dead_code, reason = "kept for reference symmetry with sibling modules")]
fn find(haystack: &[u8], needle: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
    if haystack.len() < needle.len() || needle.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }
    let mut i = 0usize;
    while i + needle.len() <= haystack.len() {
        let mut j = 0usize;
        let mut same = true;
        while j < needle.len() {
            if haystack[i + j] != needle[j] {
                same = false;
                break;
            }
            j += 1;
        }
        if same {
            return Some(i);
        }
        i += 1;
    }
    None
}

struct gabriel_adobeupload_v1;

impl RemediationModule<Request<'_>> for gabriel_adobeupload_v1 {
    fn evaluate(&self, request: &Request<'_>, edits: &mut Edits<'_>) -> Result<Decision, Failure> {
        let _ = edits;
        let _ = match request.header_count() {
            Availability::Ready(count) => count,
            Availability::NeedMore => return Ok(Decision::NeedMore),
            Availability::Unavailable => return Err(Failure),
        };
        let message = request.message();
        let head = message.prefix();
        let line_end = head.iter().position(|&b| b == b'\r').unwrap_or(head.len());
        let request_line = &head[..line_end];
        let path_at = request_line.iter().position(|&b| b == b' ').unwrap_or(request_line.len());
        let target = &request_line[path_at + 1..];
        if !target.starts_with(ROUTE) {
            return Ok(Decision::Continue);
        }
        if !message.is_complete() {
            return Ok(Decision::NeedMore);
        }
        let body_range = match request.body_range() {
            Availability::Ready(range) => range,
            Availability::NeedMore => return Ok(Decision::NeedMore),
            Availability::Unavailable => return Err(Failure),
        };
        let body = match message.bytes(body_range)? {
            Availability::Ready(bytes) => bytes,
            Availability::NeedMore => return Ok(Decision::NeedMore),
            Availability::Unavailable => return Err(Failure),
        };
        // Extension matching is case-insensitive: upload handlers and the
        // fixture both lowercase filenames, and `.PHP`/`.PhP` are the same
        // executable on the backend filesystem.
        if NEEDLES.iter().any(|n| find_ignore_case(body, n).is_some()) {
            return Ok(Decision::Refuse);
        }
        Ok(Decision::Continue)
    }
}

static API: Api = Api {
    header: ApiHeader { version: http::VERSION, table_size: size_of::<Api>() as u32 },
    input_size: size_of::<Input>() as u32,
    output_size: size_of::<ModuleOutput>() as u32,
    sink_size: size_of::<EditSink>() as u32,
    message_size: size_of::<MessageInput>() as u32,
    state_bytes: 0,
    capabilities: CONTINUE | REFUSE | NEED_MORE | EDIT,
    required_inputs: 0,
    evaluate: Some(evaluate),
};

unsafe extern "C" fn evaluate(input: *const Input, sink: *const EditSink, output: *mut ModuleOutput) -> i32 {
    unsafe { http::invoke(&gabriel_adobeupload_v1, input, sink, output) }
}

#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
pub extern "C" fn eden_http_remediation_v3() -> *const Api {
    &API
}

#[panic_handler]
fn panic(_information: &PanicInfo<'_>) -> ! {
    loop {
        core::hint::spin_loop();
    }
}

The recorded attack_php_shell request returned 200 at baseline and 403 with the native module active. The case examines Adobe Commerce unrestricted file upload using an Eden gateway and a purpose-built fixture; it did not run the vendor application.

Decision flow

Decision diagram
Rendering diagram...

The diagram sketches the available source’s content decision after input metadata is available. Continue is a module decision; the host and backend still determine final forwarding and effects.

The vulnerability and the test boundary

Adobe Commerce's unrestricted file upload lets an attacker upload a PHP web shell (executed later by the handler). Reachable remotely; public exploit code; actively exploited (APSB26-73).

The application behavior in this experiment was modeled by a purpose-built fixture. Backend markers in the comparison record the fixture’s effects; they do not mean the vendor application was run.

The broad policy and its tradeoff

The first approach was a declarative deny on the affected route family. It removed access to that surface while active, including legitimate requests. The table below shows the effect on the particular controls included in the experiment.

The case record describes this action but does not retain the complete deployed settings or API request. The exact historical policy cannot be reconstructed from the available record.

The native module

Tier 2: native module: gabriel_adobeupload_v1. See the comparison table for what it keys, and the honest scope for what it cannot.

The available source declares the following route or matching constants: const ROUTE: &[u8] = b"/rest/V1/upload"; static NEEDLES: [&[u8]; 5] = [b".php", b".phtml", b".php5", b".php7", b".pht"];. These are literal source declarations; the complete evaluation code below determines how they are used.

The evaluator extracts the request target from the request line and continues immediately when the target does not begin with its route prefix. For an in-scope request it waits for a complete message and obtains the body through the request API before evaluating the bytes. The refusal predicate checks whether any listed byte sequence appears in the body, ignoring ASCII letter case. It is a substring scan, so its matching boundaries and unlisted representations matter.

Why the matching logic matters

The module looks for a set of PHP-related extension strings in upload bodies, including alternate extensions. That does not establish the server's eventual filename, content type, or execution behavior, and it may reject harmless mentions of those extensions. The comparison includes the source record's null-byte-extension probe, but not every upload or handler variant.

The before-and-after experiment

ProbeBaseline (unprotected)Tier 1Tier 2 (module)
benign_image_upload200403200
benign_pdf_upload200403200
attack_php_shell200 (shell_written ×1, rce_marker ×1)403403
attack_uppercase_ext200 (shell_written ×1, rce_marker ×1)403403
attack_null_byte_ext200403403

For the attack_php_shell probe, the recorded response changed from 200 at baseline to 403 with the module active. The baseline fixture also recorded shell_written; that marker is a simulated backend effect. The benign_image_upload control returned 200 both before and with the module, while the broader tier-one deny returned 403 for that same control. This comparison describes the listed requests, not a complete test of application behavior.

The case records enrollment, inspection, host approval, signed admission and activation. The activation receipt reported 2/2 local shards serving. The recorded negative tests rejected unauthorized inspection, a changed binding and an invalid signature; revocation produced fail-closed 503 responses. These observations concern the local test, not production deployment.

What the evidence does and does not establish

This experiment covers the recorded fixture requests and the selected Eden boundary. It does not validate every request variant, a real vendor installation, other traffic paths, or production performance. Use the vendor’s fixed release and advisory for the durable repair.

Complete native module source

Rust
//! Gabriel module: refuse executable-extension uploads (CVE-2026-48356 shape)
//!
//! CVE-2026-48356: Adobe Commerce unrestricted file upload lets an
//! attacker upload a PHP web shell (executed later by the handler).
//! This module refuses upload bodies whose filename carries an
//! executable extension; ordinary uploads pass unchanged. no_std; no allocator, storage, background work or state.

#![no_std]

use core::mem::size_of;
use core::panic::PanicInfo;
use eden_gateway_remediation::message::{Availability, MessageInput};
use eden_gateway_remediation::module::{
    ApiHeader, CONTINUE, Decision, EDIT, EditSink, Edits, Failure, ModuleOutput, NEED_MORE, REFUSE, RemediationModule,
};
use eden_gateway_remediation::native_http_v3::{self as http, Api, Input, Request};

/// Route prefix in scope.
const ROUTE: &[u8] = b"/rest/V1/upload";

/// The byte primitives this module refuses on that route.
static NEEDLES: [&[u8]; 5] = [b".php", b".phtml", b".php5", b".php7", b".pht"];

fn find_ignore_case(haystack: &[u8], needle: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
    if haystack.len() < needle.len() || needle.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }
    let mut i = 0usize;
    while i + needle.len() <= haystack.len() {
        let mut j = 0usize;
        let mut same = true;
        while j < needle.len() {
            if haystack[i + j].to_ascii_lowercase() != needle[j].to_ascii_lowercase() {
                same = false;
                break;
            }
            j += 1;
        }
        if same {
            return Some(i);
        }
        i += 1;
    }
    None
}

#[expect(dead_code, reason = "kept for reference symmetry with sibling modules")]
fn find(haystack: &[u8], needle: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
    if haystack.len() < needle.len() || needle.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }
    let mut i = 0usize;
    while i + needle.len() <= haystack.len() {
        let mut j = 0usize;
        let mut same = true;
        while j < needle.len() {
            if haystack[i + j] != needle[j] {
                same = false;
                break;
            }
            j += 1;
        }
        if same {
            return Some(i);
        }
        i += 1;
    }
    None
}

struct gabriel_adobeupload_v1;

impl RemediationModule<Request<'_>> for gabriel_adobeupload_v1 {
    fn evaluate(&self, request: &Request<'_>, edits: &mut Edits<'_>) -> Result<Decision, Failure> {
        let _ = edits;
        let _ = match request.header_count() {
            Availability::Ready(count) => count,
            Availability::NeedMore => return Ok(Decision::NeedMore),
            Availability::Unavailable => return Err(Failure),
        };
        let message = request.message();
        let head = message.prefix();
        let line_end = head.iter().position(|&b| b == b'\r').unwrap_or(head.len());
        let request_line = &head[..line_end];
        let path_at = request_line.iter().position(|&b| b == b' ').unwrap_or(request_line.len());
        let target = &request_line[path_at + 1..];
        if !target.starts_with(ROUTE) {
            return Ok(Decision::Continue);
        }
        if !message.is_complete() {
            return Ok(Decision::NeedMore);
        }
        let body_range = match request.body_range() {
            Availability::Ready(range) => range,
            Availability::NeedMore => return Ok(Decision::NeedMore),
            Availability::Unavailable => return Err(Failure),
        };
        let body = match message.bytes(body_range)? {
            Availability::Ready(bytes) => bytes,
            Availability::NeedMore => return Ok(Decision::NeedMore),
            Availability::Unavailable => return Err(Failure),
        };
        // Extension matching is case-insensitive: upload handlers and the
        // fixture both lowercase filenames, and `.PHP`/`.PhP` are the same
        // executable on the backend filesystem.
        if NEEDLES.iter().any(|n| find_ignore_case(body, n).is_some()) {
            return Ok(Decision::Refuse);
        }
        Ok(Decision::Continue)
    }
}

static API: Api = Api {
    header: ApiHeader { version: http::VERSION, table_size: size_of::<Api>() as u32 },
    input_size: size_of::<Input>() as u32,
    output_size: size_of::<ModuleOutput>() as u32,
    sink_size: size_of::<EditSink>() as u32,
    message_size: size_of::<MessageInput>() as u32,
    state_bytes: 0,
    capabilities: CONTINUE | REFUSE | NEED_MORE | EDIT,
    required_inputs: 0,
    evaluate: Some(evaluate),
};

unsafe extern "C" fn evaluate(input: *const Input, sink: *const EditSink, output: *mut ModuleOutput) -> i32 {
    unsafe { http::invoke(&gabriel_adobeupload_v1, input, sink, output) }
}

#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
pub extern "C" fn eden_http_remediation_v3() -> *const Api {
    &API
}

#[panic_handler]
fn panic(_information: &PanicInfo<'_>) -> ! {
    loop {
        core::hint::spin_loop();
    }
}

Sources

Official CVE record